Abacus - What is Abacus
Abacus is a simple tool which was used in ancient times for calculating numbers through basic arithmetic system. For many centuries different races, cultures and countries have played an important role in the development of the tool. Different varieties of Abacus were developed, like Nepohualtzintzin in ancient Mayan culture during 900 B.C to 250 B.C) which used 5 /20 base, and the finally Soroban abacus was developed by Japan having 1/4 base which is widely used today. In the last 2 decades it has changed its status from just being a calculating device to brain development tool.

Function of abacus.
Abacus is used in various parts of the world especially in Asian countries like China, Japan, Korea. In these countries abacus course is a part of basic elementary education and widely used for mental maths calculation. It involves operations such as additions, subtraction, multiplication, division, decimal no, Negative no’s and apart from these calculations, advance abacus techniques involve square roots, working with percentage, linear equations, long division, and elimination etc. It is a common sight in these countries to see young and old both using mental maths in routine.
Mental Calculation
Doing Mental maths or mental calculation is a process where one performs the calculation without the help of any paper, calculator or any other external medium. They perform the calculations depending on their mental ability. Mental maths involves calculating by listening, data storage and processing, logical implementation of desired functions to solve and to reproduce the answers confidently & correctly. All these are done in few seconds with accuracy.The minimal involvement of time and the precise accuracy in doing mental maths adds to the maths learning ability of an individual.
Abacus course training is initiated in a child with a set of rules. Initially the child learns to use the Abacus tool to give the correct answer. Gradually the child learns to visualize and imagine an abacus, while the actual tool is removed. The child is then taught to calculate normally like they would do on abacus, but this time they will use the visualized abacus. Over a period the child confidently does larger digit calculations with speed and accuracy, without the aid of any tool. His mental learning abilities are enhanced and so is his accuracy in mental maths.







